Short Questions
 |
| Zoology Questions |
Ans- Flatworms are named so because of their body shape, which is dorsoventrally flattened. They are scientifically called Platyhelminthes. The word “platy” means flat, and helmith means worm. Their unique body structure is a distinguishing feature of this phylum, hence giving this name.
Q2- List the stages of holozoic nutrition.
Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Assimilation
Egestion
Q3- How are animals classified?
Ans: Animals are classified based on shared characteristics, similarities, and dissimilarities. The system of classification is called taxonomy. The main classification levels are kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.
Q-4 What is inflammation
Ans- Inflammation means " to set on fire". It is the body's natural response to infection or injury. Inflammation is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain. Inflammation can be acute or chronic. It is a non-specific immune response by the body.
Q- What are the health risks involved in obesity?
Ans- The health risks of obesity include:
1. Diabetes
2. Hpertension
3. Cardiovascular diseases
4. Stroke
5. Respiratory problems
6. Joint and mobility issues
7. Depression and anxiety
8. Some cancers
Q- Outline the harmful effects of fever.
Ans- Fever is beneficial for the human body, but it causes some harmful effects also, which can be physical, cardiovascular, neurological, and some other types such as,
⦁ Muscle pain
⦁ Dehydration
⦁ Fatigue
⦁ Raised body temperature causes enzyme denaturation
⦁ Loss of energy as heat
⦁ Confusion
⦁ Seizures
⦁ Encephalitis
⦁ Increased heart rate and blood pressure
⦁ sleep disturbance
⦁ Loss of appetite
Q- Draw a flow chart for the passage of air from external nares to alveoli.
Ans- External nares- nasal cavity- pharynx- larynx- trachea- bronchi- bronchioles- terminal bronchioles- alveolar ducts- alveoli.
Q- Discuss the living and nonliving status of viruses.
Ans- Viruses serve as a gray line between living and nonliving beings. Let's discuss them.
LIVING STATUS
Replication: They can replicate inside a living cell.
Host cell interaction: They interact and affect the organism they infect.
DNA/RNA as genetic material: They possess their genome as DNA/RNA. They can undergo mutation also.
NON-LIVING STATUS
No cellular organs: Viruses lack any cellular organs or cells
No vital activities: they are unable to perform any vital activity like excretion, movement, respiration, etc.
Nonliving, nonreactive outside the living cell: Viruses are unable to survive or live outside the host cell.
Q- What are protobionts?
Ans- Protobionts are thought to be the precursors of living cells. They are primitive, hypothetical, self-replicating structures.
Q- Why do higher animals need a circulatory system?
Ans: Higher animals have high metabolic rates and large surface areas. They need an efficient system for the transportation of oxygen and other products in their body. The circulatory system helps in this matter and provides an efficient system of transportation of oxygen, waste products, and nutrients throughout the body.
Q- Why are protostomes named so?
Ans- The " proto" refers to early/first, and "stoma" refers to mouth. They are named beacuse the gut of these rganisms first form mouth and anus is developed later.
Q- What are symptoms of Aids?
Ans- Initial stage symptoms
In. At. At the start of infection, symptoms appear for a short duration, like fever, headache, and flu, repeatedly in six weeks. In this time, a person can infect others.
Next stage.
In the next stage, the infection may last for about ten years without being known. A person may have lymph node swelling in the neck. The immune system weakens, and various diseases like TB, cancer, and pneumonia can occur.
AT LAST
Immune system weakness causes diarrhea and night sweats, and dementia can cause the death of the person.
Q- Why are diploblastic animals different from triploblastic animals?
Ans- They are different because in diploblastic animals, two layers of tissue are present, and these are ectoderm and endoderm, whereas triploblastic animals have three germ layers, which are ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm.
Q- What are the prevention and control methods of Aids?
Ans-
PREVENTION METHODS
Safe sex practices, HIV testing and counseling, blood safety during blood transfusions, mother-to-child transmission prevention, and the use of sterile needles and syringes remain intact with religious Islamic preachings.
CONTROL METHODS
Provide antiretroviral therapy to infected individuals, give HIV care and support, conduct monitoring, increase awareness about HIV control and spread.
Q- What are the domains of classification?
Ans- Domain is the highest taxonomic rank. The three main domains are,
⦁ Archaea
⦁ Bacteria
⦁ Eukarya
Q- Why are echinoderms placed in bilateria when adults are radially symmetrical?
Ans- Echinoderm's development and internal anatomical features show bilateral ancestary. Theirembryo shows bilateral symmetry with a prominent head and tail. The larvae of echinoderms show bilateral symmetry, and the digestive system in adult echinoderms is arranged bilaterally.
Q- What is anorexia nervosa?
Ans- It is a psychological disorder. A person with anorexia nervosa refuses to eat properly due to the fear of gaining weight. It is commonly found in girls and women. Due to this disorder, a person loses appetite, and it causes weight loss.
Q- What are LUB and DUB?
Ans- The LUB and DUB are sounds produced when the heart beats. This happens due to the closure of heart valves. LUB sound is produced when atrioventricular valves close, and the DUB sound is produced when the semilunar valve closes.
Q- Why does blood flow faster in arteries?
Ans: Arteries have thicker, more muscular walls and are stronger than veins. This helps them to cope with the high pressure of the heart while pumping the blood. In addition to that, arteries possess a narrow lumen (inner space), which helps in fast flow.
Q- List out the ways/cells of the second line of defense.
Ans- These. These are the second line of defense,
Phagocytosis
Cytotoxicity
Inflammation
Fever.
Q- Why does the rate of breathing increase in human beings?
Ans- The rate of breathing in humans increases due to various factors such as increased physical activity, high altitude, fever, environmental factors, and high altitude. Physical activity increases the oxygen demand; at high altitudes, the quantity of oxygen is low, fever causes increased metabolism, and a hot or humid environment causes an increased breathing rate.
Q- Is there any difference between the structure of chitin and cellulose when both are polysaccharides of glucose?
Ans- Yes, there is a difference between their structure despite being the polymer of glucose.
The molecules of chitin are linked bby beta-1,4-glycosidiccbonds. They have a nitrogen containing amino group also.
The cellulose is linked together by alpha-1,4 glycosidic bonds. They do not have nitrogen.
Q- How do enzymes reduce Activation Energy?
Ans- The enzymes reduce activation energy by lowering energy barriers. They give an alternate reaction pathway having a lower energy barrier. They bind substrates by positioning them. Enzymes stabilize the transition state, which causes the reduction in energy required for reaction.
Q- How bile helps in digestion. Also, write their other functions.
Ans- Bile is an important product of the human body that helps in digestion. Its role in digestion is given below:
Emulsification - bile contains salts that break fats into smaller components, making it easier for enzymatic reactions.
Lipase activation - Lipase is an enzyme responsible for the digestion of fats. Bile activates this enzyme.
Neutralization - Bile neutralizes stomach acids.
Waste elimination - bile
Absorption of fat-soluble vitamins
Q- How does the body of an insect grow even though it is covered by cuticle?
Ans- Insects have a unique mechanism that helps them to grow their body despite having a hard cuticle. This mechanism is called “MOLTING”. During this process, they shed their old cuticle. Before the formation of a new cuticle, the insect body grows and increases cell quantity. After that, a new cuticle is formed,
Q- Why is SAN called the pacemaker of the heart?
Ans- The SAN (sinoatrial node) is called the pacemaker of the heart because it generates the electrical impulses. These electrical impulses stimulate heart muscle contraction. It also regulates heart beat.
Q- What are sinuses? Give names of different types of sinuses present in humans.
Ans- The hollow, air-filled cavities found in the skull of humans are called sinuses. Sinuses are linked to nasal air passage. There are four pairs of sinuses in humans:
Frontal sinus (in the forehead region).
Maxillary sinus (behind the cheeks).
Ethmoid sinus (in between the eyes).
Sphenoid sinus (deep behind the ethmoids).
Comments
Post a Comment